Millions of people around the world use the cell phone for communication. Cell phones are used extensively for

1. Communication

2. Speed Text messaging

3. Internet Access

4. Integrate other devices such as GSMs, PDAs

5. Camera

But anyone wondered how cell phones work? How small equipment has the features like text messaging, internet access, to name a few. Cell phone is nothing but a radio-sophisticated radio.

Before the age of cell phones, radio was sole the mode of communication. The people who really needed mobile communication used to install a radio device in a car and a powerful antenna above it. The Antenna is the sole operator of radio. It snaps the analog signals which are necessary for communication. The only disadvantage of an antenna was it has to be installed in an open space which requires some financial investment.

The cell phone works through "cells, these cells contains the analog and digital signals and it works on "frequency reuse" techniques. For a cell phone to work, a metropolitan area has to be divided into many cells. The communication between two human beings in the same metropolitan area is carried out by numerous cells which as said above works on frequency reuse. The technique of a cell to work on the frequency of the previous cell and the frequency of its own is called "frequency reuse". A powerful transistor is needed to transfer the information from one cell to other, so a group of cells in one particular area is controlled by a transistor and group of transistors are controlled by physical towers".

A Metropolitan area is divided into group of physical towers, the area between two towers is divided into a group of transistors and the area between transistors is divided into groups of numerous cells. The end result of working of the above is the communication between the human beings.

The station Mobile Telephone Switching Office (MTSO) controls the working of cell phones. It has the responsibility for distinguishing cell phone calls from land line calls and also identifying appropriate land line numbers for which the cell phone calls were made.